• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an electronic reproduction technique, in particular to the recognition of color tones and colors in the production of color separation images and in color separation correction. The purpose of the invention is to improve the recognition accuracy of color tones and colors by more precisely limiting recognition spaces that accurately reproduces changes in color tone and color. Before the color tone recognition process, the color tone to be recognized is selected and its measured or predetermined measured color values of the red / yellow / blue color space are converted based on the first conversion into the color / brightness / color space values, and the conversion factors it is determined so that the transformed color space to be recognized by the color tone is located on the rotated X, Y coordinate system in the chromaticity plane. In the process of recognizing the color tone itself, an optoelectronic reading of the color surface is carried out and the measured color values obtained therewith are transformed by means of a second color conversion with the conversion coefficients determined during the first conversion. By selecting the chromaticity values and by forming the particular selected chromaticity values, a color tone signal is generated, which is a measure of the deviation of the read color tone from the color tone to be recognized. After the color tone signal is associated with the auxiliary control signal, a color tone recognition signal is generated that is not zero if the read color tone lies within Hristo HelkemetnoD oF pRepaRING aND aNaLYZING and GaS S
    公开号:SU1540664A3
    申请号:SU843828793
    申请日:1984-12-13
    公开日:1990-01-30
    发明作者:Хоффрихтер Инго；Юнг Эгерт
    申请人:Др.-Инж.Рудольф Хелль, Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an electronic reproduction technique and can be used to recognize color tones and colors of color PB surfaces.
    The purpose of the invention is to improve the recognition accuracy,
    Fig. 1 shows a schematic of a device for recognizing colors; Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of the rotation of the coordinates; Fig. 3-7 are graphical representations of waveforms; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the optoelectronic block for ejection; FIG. 9 is a circuit of a conversion cascade; FIG. 10 is a signal generator circuit; Fig. 11 is a graphic representation of the passage of signals; , FIG. 12 is a diagram of a color saturation signal generator; FIG. 13 is a diagram of a limiter stage; FIG. 014 is a diagram of a device for color correction; FIG. Fig. 15 is a schematic of the device for use in the manufacture of color-separated images.
    Research institute
    The optoelectronic reading unit 1 reads a screened color surface $, for example, a color original 2, color tones or colors of which
    must be recognized; Color original 2 may be transparent or opaque. Reflected from a color original 2 or passing through it, the developable light beam is converted in reading unit 1 by means of color dividers, corrective filters and optoelectronic transducers into color signals R, G and B of measured value, which are a measure of the intensity of the main color components. red, green and blue, applied to the read colors in the cartesian color space — RGB Readout Block 1, s. which can be shifted relative to the color original 2, is used to measure IDH colorful individual points on the color original 29 and the plane-kostnogo5 for pointwise or progressive reading a color original 2 in the process of discriminating the color tones or colors.
    The color signals R, G and B of measurement in my size are fed through lines 3 to the recognition circuit 4 connected to the output of reading unit 1, where it is first logarithmized in the circuit
    5, coordinate transformations or partially logarithms and corrected in accordance with the gradation curve. Prologized color signals R1, G1 and B1 of the measured value are converted by matrixing into chromaticity signals X and Y and into luminance signal Z:
    X a „K + atlG + att) B,
    Y ai (H + aueG + aiB, (1)
    Z ag1B + aggO + aeV
    where a, j are elements of the transformation matrix, i, J 1,2,3.
    The process of matrixing corresponds to the transformation of color coordinates. The color coordinates of the Cartesian color space RGB are X, Y, and Z color coordinates of the Cartesian color space color, the color coordinates X and Y characterize the positions of the color locations of the colors in the color coordinate system XY of the color plane, and the color coordinate Z characterizes the color brightness values.
    The recognition circuit 4 produces, from input signals, first a control signal T of a color tone in line 6, a control signal S of saturation in line 7, a control signal L4 of brightness in line 8 and an auxiliary control signal H in line 9 o
    Color tone T, saturation S and brightness L are the color space color coordinates of color hue - saturation - brightness, and the positions of the color spots in its chromaticity plane are determined by the color tone values T as the angle and the color saturation values as radii . The luminance values of colors are determined by luminance L. At the same time, between the color coordinates Xs Y and Z of the color space the color is brightness and the color coordinates of color tone T, the saturation S and luminance L of color space the color hue saturation-brightness there is the following interrelation; „Y T C, arctg
    S (2) L C., Z,
    where Cj.jC-zjC - proportionality coefficients.
    In the recognition circuit 4, the color tone control signal T, the saturation control signal S, the luminance control signal L and the auxiliary control signal H are combined with each other in the interface stage 10 into a single color tone or signal E recognition signal as the output signal of the recognition circuit 4 in the line 11. If it is necessary to recognize the color in the recognition circuit 4, the sector of the color tone recognition region is limited in the chromaticity plane around one chosen in all four quadrants of color tone, i.e. color tone T0 center of the tin. In this case, the recognition signal E in line 11 is the color tone recognition signal E, which is generated in the concatenation 10 of the interface from the control signal T of the color tone and the auxiliary control signal N. At a point or line-by-line signal
    By setting their measured color values R0, G0 and B0 in the RGB chromaticity coordinate system or their values formed by matrixing X0 and YC brightness values in the chromaticity coordinate system XV or by measuring the test point on the color original 2 using block 1
    The readout determines the desired color tone T0 of the center of gravity, to which the color tone recognition area should be limited. The X0 and YC chromaticity values are converted by means of the center of the matrix of gravity set on the selected color tone T0 to the corresponding color coordinates X0 and Ye1 and the coefficients b, c, d, and e
    determined so that the conditions XO and Ye are met
    X0 ЬХ0 Ji -ЛХ,
     0:
    - cY0; + eYa
    (3)
    For this case, it is preferable to use the form-conversion coefficients b e coso (and c (, so that the matrixing
    Dinat X Y at angle ОЈ in relation to the original XY coordinate system in accordance with the equations:
    Y1 - l about X0 cos Ы +
    Y0 sintf;
    The scan of color original 2 in the pro- gram corresponds to the rotation of the color tone recognition coordinate system. The signal K1 carries information about removing color tones of decomposed colors from the set color tone Tff of the center of gravity, 1 if the color tones of the colors that have undergone the scan are inside the limited recognition area color tone, in another case, the color tone recognition signal E1 is zero.
    35
    (four)
    YO -X0 + Y costx
    The angle required for the fulfillment of the conditions and YO 0 is determined in the conversion cascade by means of 40 automatically proceeding processes.
    compensation for current checks
    If it is necessary to recognize color, conditions X; 0 and Y O 0 in the cascade are the contour-shaped sectors, the area inside the scheme, the converted color hue additionally, while the angle s varies to but is limited in brightness and is saturated until the control cascade
    the fulfillment of conditions is stated.
    in such a way that a three-dimensional color recognition region is formed around the color tone T0 of the center of the sheet. In this case, the recognition signal E is a color recognition signal E, which is formed by additional coupling of the control signal T of the color tone and the auxiliary control signal H or the recognition signal K1 of the color tone with the control signal S of the saturation and / or control luminance signal in the logical cascade 10.
    The found angle U, arctg Y0 / X0 corresponds to the color tone T0 of the center of the tin and the axis X1 is rotated
    The l / 0 coordinate system X Y1 passes through the converted color location Fj, the color tone TQ of the center of gravity. The described rotation of coordinates corresponds to the rotation of the color space of chromaticity — brightness around axis 7 ,. I
    Found angle ъ. 0 memorized in
    transformation scheme 12 and is used in the rivoro process of knowledge
    Dinat X Y at angle ОЈ in relation to the original XY coordinate system in accordance with the equations:
    corresponds to the rotation of the coordinate system
    Y1 - l about X0 cos Ы +
    Y0 sintf;
    corresponds to the rotation of the coordinate system
    (four)
    YO -X0 + Y costx
    The found angle U, arctg Y0 / X0 corresponds to the color tone T0 of the center of the tin and the axis X1 is rotated
    The l / 0 coordinate system X Y1 passes through the transformed color location Fj, the color tone TQ of the center of gravity. The described rotation of coordinates corresponds to the rotation of the chromaticity color space - brightness around axis 7 ,. I
    Found angle ъ. 0 memorized in
    transformation scheme 12 and is used in the rivoro process of knowledge
    color tone for the current conversion of X and Y color signals to rotated X1 and Y1 signals, the rotated Y color signal is different from zero for all color tones of the read colors that are different from the selected color tone T0 of the center of gravity, and zero all other color tones which coincide with the selected color tone T0 of the center of the tin. The matrixing in accordance with equations (1) and (4) is carried out during one separate step:
    X1 X + Y sinc / 0;
    Y -X Y cos 0 (5)
    Fig. 2 shows the chromaticity plane of the chromaticity color space - brightness with a system of 13 color coordinates XY, the axis (gray axis) of chromaticity color space - brightness extending perpendicular to the chromaticity plane. The transformed color location F of the selected color point T0 of the center of gravity is determined in the system of 13 coordinates XY by means of the color coordinates X0 and YB. The X axis of the 14 coordinate system X Y y rotated by the angle LB | passes through the color space F0 so that the color
    Inside sector 16 there are additional color tones corresponding to limited color tones.
     Sector 16 is formed due to the mirror reflection of the color tone recognition area on the Yf axis of the system 14 color coordinates X Y. A high chroma X signal is
    JQ is positive for limited color tones, and, conversely, negative for additional color tones. In the process of recognizing a color of tone or color, it is often
    15 to the restriction around the gray axis 17 of a cylindrical or barrel-shaped space for color recognition for a gray color in order to ensure
    A description of color fluctuations or changes in gray color as one whole. From such a color recognition space for gray in FIG. additionally shown having fore
    25 th mu circumference surface
    18, the radius of which is determined by the value of X limiting saturation.
    The converted X1 chrominance signal produced in circuit 12
    30 is brought along line 19 to the sampling stage, which has the form of a diode circuit and which passes only positive values of the rotated X1 chrominance signal as a signal
    Wo has a place in the rotated system + x. At the output of the cascade 20 samples
    1 / ... -CH.T (t-. „..- ..„ -J J.
    14 coordinates X Yf color coordinates Xi 0
    YO 0, Angle b (o
    the signal always appears when the color tone read from the color orginal 2, relative to the axis Y of the rotated system 14, the color coordinates XY (fig. 2) lies on the side of the limited color recognition region 15, i.e. If it is not about any additional color
    - arctg Y0 / Х0 corresponds to the color tone T0 of the center of the tin in the system of 13 XY chromaticities. Symmetrically, the Q axis X1 of the rotated system of 14 XY chromaticity coordinates contains a sector-shaped color tone recognition region 15, the limiting angle pq of which (opening angle 2fi $ may 45 is not so precise that it is controlled relative to the axis X1 to limit the objects to be recognized In other words, if the color tone read from the color orginal 2 with respect to the Y axis of the rotated system 14, the color coordinates XY (FIG. 2) lies on the side of the restricted region 15 for understanding the color tone, i.e. e, if we are not talking about any additional color
    separation of color tones and complementary color tones.
    For any color location F inside the color tone recognition area 15, at a first approximation, when applied to a small angle, the rotated color signal X corresponds to saturation in quotient v / X tg p corresponds to the deviation of the color tone that underwent a sweep from the selected color tone To the center of the tone, moreover, the quotient increases with increasing deviation.
    Inside sector 16 are additional color tones belonging to limited color tones,
    Sector 16 is formed due to the specular reflection of the color tone recognition area on the Yf axis of the system 14 of the color coordinates X Y. Rotated X chroma signal is
    positive for limited color tones, and, conversely, negative for additional color tones. In the process of recognizing a color tone or color, it is often
    5, there is a restriction around the gray axis 17 of a cylindrical or barrel-shaped space for recognizing colors for a color gray in order to recognize color fluctuations or changes in gray as a single gray. From such a color recognition space for gray, FIG. 2 additionally shows the surface having the shape of a circumference;
    18, the radius of which is determined by the value of X limiting saturation.
    The rotated X1 chrominance signal produced in the conversion circuit 12
    0 is brought along line 19 to the sampling stage 20, which has the form of a diode circuit and which passes only positive values of the rotated X1 signal as a signal
    .
    not so accurate
    the signal always appears if the color tone read from the color original 2 relative to the axis Y of the rotated system 14 of the color coordinates XY (FIG. 2) lies on the side of the limited color tone recognition area 15, i.e. if it is There is no additional color that is not exactly what is provided
    separation of color tones and additional color tones.
    The rotated chroma signal Y1 is supplied from the conversion circuit 12 via line 21 to the input of the cascade 22 of absolute magnitude. In the cascade 22 of absolute magnitude, the absolute value of the rotated color signal Y is formed as a signal (Y) "Due to the corresponding signal amplitude (Y} s using potentiometer 23, the limiting angle is determined for area 15
     color tone recognition (Fig 2); Signals + X1 and (Y () are fed along lines 24 and 25 to the input of dividing stage 26, in which, due to the formation of a particular one, the tone T is produced in accordance with by the equation:
    t ULL
    - + HT time
    (6)
    P
    The color tone signal T1 contains unambiguous information about the corresponding absolute value of the deviation of 2 color tone read from a color original from the set color tone T0 of the center of gravity in both directions, and when the color tone p 0 coincides.
    Due to the rotation of the coordinates for generating the color tone signal T, difficulties are encountered in forming a color tone characterizing the signal that occurs due to the double digit of the tangential function and asymmetry inside the quadrant, i.e., more accurate color tone recognition is achieved. The color tone signal T1 is converted into a signal cascade 27 connected to the output stage 26 of the division stage 26 into a control signal T of the color current in line 6.
    Fig. 3 shows various changes in the control signal T of the color tone depending on the angle (LEVEL 28 and 29 take place at different reverses of the established limiting angles L for the color tone recognition region 15, if the signal generation stage 27 is not affects the signals and the control signal T of the color tone corresponds to the color tone signal T1. By using the cascade 27, the color tone signal T can be additionally changed in amplitude and shape so that, for example, the control signal T of the color tone is characterized by region Aspects of small angles jb of curve 30.
    From the control signal T, the color tone in line 6 and the auxiliary signal H in line 9 in conjunction cascade 10, which can be made as a subtraction unit, a color tone recognition signal Ef is generated in line I1, both switches 31 and 32 being in open state
    E N - T
    ten
    (7)
    0
    0 5
    About 5
    0
    five
    The coupling of the auxiliary control signal H and the control signal T of the color tone may also be carried out on the basis of multiplication.
    The auxiliary control signal H produced by the signal generator 33 has, for example, a constant value H0 tg Yo / X0. Preferably, the auxiliary control signal H depends in a first approximation on the color saturation, i.e. from signal + x. In this case, the auxiliary control signal H f (X) has a constant value H "in the range from the maximum saturation value to a value lying near the limiting value X saturation, and then decreases and has a zero value in the range between the limiting value X saturation and gray axis (X1 0)
    In fig „4. Various variations of the color tone recognition signal are presented depending on the angle p for different limiting angles p of the color tone recognition region 15 and for a constant auxiliary control signal H 0 or for a range of auxiliary control signal H f (X) between the maximum and maximum saturation values
    The color tone recognition signal K1 has, for color tones that correspond to the selected color tone T0 of the center of gravity (| b 0), the maximum value Egp H0, which at H0 tg YO / X0 exactly corresponds to the color tone T0 of the center of gravity.
    With an increase in the deviation of the decomposed color tones from the color tone T0 of the center of gravity, the recognition signal E of the color tone decreases and reaches at one or another limiting angle Pz the established recognition areas of the color unit K1 0.
    Limit angle | bq. It can also be set by changing the amplitude of the color tone signal in the cascade 27 of generating signals of the pn value To the auxiliary control signal H in the signal generator 33.
    Fig. Shows various variations of the color recognition signal E depending on the signal Xv or saturation, when the parameters are the auxiliary control signal H - P (x) and the angle | b, Since the signal E recognizes the color tone depending on the color saturation, gray limit is reached.
    The dependence of the color tone recognition signal E on the saturation can also be achieved by counting that the control signal T of the color tone is matched with multiplication in the stage 10 of the conjugation with the + X signal.
    If color recognition is performed, it is necessary to limit the three-dimensional color recognition region in the color space from hue to saturation to brightness, while the sector-shaped color tone recognition area is further limited in brightness and / or saturation.
    For luminance limitation, in the recognition circuit 4, the luminance signal generator 34, to which R, G and B signals of the measured chromaticity are supplied by lines 35, produces at least one, and in the preferred case, all three color signals R, G and B of the measured value of the luminance signal L1 in accordance with the equation L f (+ + 1% V.) The signal Z of the luminance Z formed in the conversion circuit 5 can also be used as the I / luminance signal luminance signal L all three color signals are involved R9 G and B of the measured value. In this case, the generator of 34 luminance signals is not needed.
    In order to limit the saturation, the saturation signal generator 36 generates a saturation signal S1. The color saturation signal S1 may be generated in accordance with the equation S1 Hx 1+ of the X and Y signals generated in the conversion circuit 5, which are supplied to the input of the saturation signal generator 36 along the lines 37 shown in dashed lines. In this case, the S saturation signal reproduces the exact color saturation values. The saturation signal generator 36 contains in this case the corresponding computational modules (. Squaring module, adder, root extraction module), which, however, limit the speed of operation. To overcome this difficulty, it is preferable to use the saturation signal S1, which is close to the exact saturation values. In this case, the approximate saturation signal is generated from the R, G and B color signals of the measured value, which are fed via lines 35 to the saturation signal generator 36, the maximum and minimum signals of the measured chromaticity are recorded and the difference of the extreme values is formed which approximates the saturation I signal, since the maximum color signal of the measured value of a single unfolded color is, as necessary, saturated The color of the color, and the minimum cetoic signal of the measured value is the gray tone of this color. Since the saturation signal generator 36 no longer contains the listed computational modules, due to the specified signal generation, an increase in the speed of the circuit and, consequently, readout speed for the colors of the analyzed color original 2 is achieved. If a rougher approximation is used in generating the saturation signal S instead of the signal S1 color saturation can also use the X1 signal.
    The color tone signal T1, the saturation signal S1, as well as the luminance signal L1 are received via lines 38, 39 and 40 to the input of the recognition circuit 4.
    A limiting stage 41 is connected to the output of the luminance signal generator 34, in which a luminance control signal L is generated from the luminance signal L. In the same way, the corresponding limiting cascade 42 is connected to the output of the saturation signal generator 36, in which the saturation signal S is converted into a saturation control signal S. The formation of the control signal L of the luminance and the control signal S of the saturation is accomplished by limiting the signal L1 of the brightness and the signal H of the saturation with the help of compensating
    voltages that can be set using potentiometers 43 and 44 or 45 and 46. At the same time, the luminance signal L and the saturation signal S1 may vary in the stages 41 and 42 of the limitation additionally in amplitude and / or nonlinearly in accordance with the gradation curves.
    The control signal L of luminance in line 8 and / or the control signal S of saturation in line 7 enters the cut-off switches 31 and 32 on the interface stage 10, in which the color recognition signal K in line T 1 is produced:
    or
    К Н - L - S ТЗ Е1 - L - S.
    (eight)
    The connection of the color tone recognition signal E with the luminance control signal L and / or the saturation control signal S1 can also be made on the basis of the multiplier.
    Using potentiometers 43-46 of the limiting stages 41 and 42, while limiting the color recognition areas, luminance and saturation values can be determined at which the luminance and saturation of the read colors affect the transmission of the E and color recognition signal.
    Using the switches 31 and 32, it is also possible to select the signals that should participate in the formation of the color recognition signal G.
    The passage of the color recognition signal E relative to the color tone of the read colors corresponds to that of the color tone recognition signal E shown in FIG. 4, if brightness and saturation are not taken into account.
    Fig. 6 shows various passages of control signal L of luminance depending on luminance or control signal I on saturation depending on color saturation, using potentiometers 43-46 of limiting stages 41 and 42.
    Figure 7 shows the corresponding dependences of the color recognition signal E on luminance and color saturation. It is assumed that the read color tone directly corresponds to r
    0
    five
    about
    five
    0 5
    Q
    The selected color tone is T of the center of the sheet.
    If it is necessary to recognize mainly dark colors, then using another potentiometer of the limiting stage 41, for example, setting dependence 46 is performed and a form 50 of color recognition signal E is obtained. In this case, the color recognition signal EUN, with light colors, has a high level, which is limited in the direction to dark colors. Thus, an accurate separation of light and dark colors can be carried out. In order to limit the luminance region, the potentiometer 49 of the luminance control signal L can also be generated using both potentiometers of the limiting stage 41. In this case, the color recognition signal E has the form 51, as a result of which a limitation with respect to light and dark colors with respect to colors of averaged luminance is achieved. In this way, the recognition of the most significant colors that lie in or near the chromaticity plane can be carried out.
    Due to the appropriate setting of the potentiometer of the limiting cascade 42, the read colors can be limited to relatively small or large color saturations, as well as to the color saturation region
    FIG. 8 shows a diagram of the optoelectronic reading unit 1 Reflected from a color original 2 or a light reading beam 50 passing through it enters the lenses 53 and 54 and the diaphragm 55 into the reading unit 1 and is separated there by means of two dichroic signals. color dividers 56 and 57 into three partial beams 58.59 and 60. Partial beams 58.59 and 60 POMP give, passage through the colored Lilters of correction 61, 62 and 63, into three optgplectron converters 64.65 and 66, which - tory transform the received partial light beams in accordance with the intensity constituent pitch undergoing deployment flowers in primary color signals R, G and B are the measured values.
    FIG. 9 shows a conversion circuit 12,
    In Scheme 12, the Xp transformation is the rotation of the color signatures Xp
    15
    and YO of the selected color tone T0 of the center of gravity during the compensation process by monotonously changing the angle Qt until the rotated chroma signals are expressed by relations, and the angle oi0 found at the same time is fixed. This coordinate rotation is performed in accordance with equation (4).
    In the process of spot and line-by-line reading of the surface of the color original to be analyzed in accordance with 154066416
    drive 73 for digital values of k b - e cosct- connected by
    information bus 82 with information inputs 83 and 84 cascades 67 and 70
    multiply, and the corresponding information output 85 for digital values of c d sin5f is connected via information bus 86 to information inputs TQ of 87 and 88 cascades 68 and 69 multiplication.
    Included generator 76 clock pulses connected through a valve
    With equations (5), there are 15 cascades D 75 with a clock input 89 of the address counter 74. The output 90 of the address counter 74 is connected via the address bus 91 to the address input 92 of the fixed accumulator 73. The outputs 93 and 94 of the 20 cascades 67 and 69 multiplication are connected to a cascade 71 of summation, and the outputs 95 and 96 of the cascades 67 and 69 multiplication are connected to a cascade 72 subtraction. Stage 71 summation output and output
    with rotation of X and Y chrominance signals generated during operation.
    The conversion circuit 12 consists of four cascades 67-70 multiplying, summing cascade 71, subtraction cascade 72, permanent storage 73, address counter 74, valve cascade 75, clock generator 76, and cascade 77 control.
    Chica 74 addresses. The output 90 of the address counter 74 is connected via the address bus 91 to the address input 92 of the fixed accumulator 73. The outputs 93 and 94 of the 20 cascades 67 and 69 multiplication are connected to a cascade 71 of summation, and the outputs 95 and 96 of the cascades 67 and 69 multiplication are connected to a cascade 72 subtraction. Stage 71 summation output and output
    Cascades 67-70 are assembled on the basis of over-cascade 72; subtractions are connected to cassette digital-analogue transforms of the 77 control, which are realized, for example, from integrated moduli, control conditions X o 0 and 0 0 lei type AD7542 produced Cascade 77 Control is connected to the control input 97 of the valve cascade 75. The compensation process starts from the moment the generator is turned on 76 tact Analog Device. A multiplying factor in the form of digital values that can be stored in the internal register can be entered into the multiplying digital-analogue converter via one information input.
    out pulses using the key 98, Counting clock oscillator 76 clock pulses are counted by a counter
    A 74-digit multiplied address, which was previously an analog-to-analog converter, multiplied by a set factor, and the product is present again as an analog signal at the output of digit-1 of the analogue converter.
    In the process of compensation, the chroma signal Xo, which comes from the transformation circuit 5 shown by the dashed line, is output to inputs 78 and 79 of multiplication stages 67 and 68, while the chroma signal YO arrives at inputs 80 and 81 of multiplication stages 59 and 70.
    In the fixed accumulator 73, the corresponding sine and cosine values are stored with reference to angular values from 0 to 360 ° as digital values of b e cos and with L - s5n "by means of corresponding angular values as addresses of the permanent accumulator 73. Information output 81 constant
    40
    45
    50
    55
    to zero, and the incrementing state of the counter uniformly corresponds to the increase in the angular values o (. The address counter 74 alternately causes the addresses of the constant accumulator 73, and the relative values of the angular oscillations cos tf and sino are transmitted to the stages 67-70, where they multiply with the corresponding chromaticity signals X0 and Y0. Separate products are summed up according to equation (4) or are subtracted, so that the output signal Xd appears at the output of the summation stage 71, and at the output of the subtraction stage 72 is turned The chroma Y signal. In this case, the rotated Y and Y0 signals of the chromaticity are currently checked by the control cascade 77. The control cascade 77 outputs a control signal to the valve cascade 75 if the conditions are met, which interrupts the clock counting process.
    drive 73 for digital values of b - e cosct- connected by
    information bus 82 with information inputs 83 and 84 cascades 67 and 70
    multiplication, and the corresponding information output 85 for digital values of c d sin5f is connected via information bus 86 to information inputs 87 and 88 of multiplication stages 68 and 69.
    Included generator 76 clock pulses connected through a valve
    cascade D 75 with a clock input 89 counter 74 addresses. The output 90 of the address counter 74 is connected via the address bus 91 to the address input 92 of the fixed accumulator 73. The outputs 93 and 94 of the multiplication stage 67 and 69 are connected to the summation stage 71, and the multiplication outputs 95 and 96 are connected to the subtraction stage 72 of the subtraction . Stage 71 summation output and output
    out pulses using the key 98, Counting clock oscillator 76 clock pulses are counted by a counter
    0
    five
    0
    to zero, and the incrementing state of the counter uniformly corresponds to the increase in the angular values o (. The address counter 74 alternately causes the addresses of the constant accumulator 73, and the relative values of the angular oscillations cos tf and sino are transmitted to the stages 67-70, where they multiply with the corresponding chromaticity signals X0 and Y0. Separate products are summed up according to equation (4) or are subtracted, so that the output signal Xd appears at the output of the summation stage 71, and at the output of the subtraction stage 72 is turned The chroma signal Y. In this case, the rotated Y and Y0 signals of the chromaticity are currently checked by the control cascade 77. The control cascade 77 outputs a control signal to the valve cascade 75 if the conditions are met, which interrupts the clock countdown process. the counter 74 addresses corresponds to the desired angle ,,,
    FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a signal generator 35 for generating an auxiliary control signal H depending on the signal X1, i
    The signal generator 35 consists of an inverting amplifier 99, the output of which is connected through diode 100 and through circuit 101 to the inverting input of amplifier 99. The inverting input of amplifier 99 is also loaded through the first summing resistance 102 by the signal X1 and through the second summing resistance 103 is connected to the potentiometer 104. A potentiometer 104 can be used to set the compensating voltage UK, which corresponds to the X limit saturation value. The non-inverting input of amplifier 99 is connected through the resistance 105 and the anode of the diode 100 through a resistance 106 to the ground potential. With the values of signal X1, which in absolute value is less than the compensating voltage of the PC), the value of the auxiliary control signal If the signal X1 reaches the absolute value of the compensating voltage Itz, then the value of the auxiliary control signal H increases in accordance with the gain value established in circuit 101 and in this case also reaches the limit value Ho, predetermined by chain 101.
    Figure 11 shows the passage of the auxiliary control signal H at the output of the signal generator 35
    FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a color saturation signal generator 36, which serves to generate a color saturation signal S1 from the color signals R, G and B of a measurable value. The generated color signals R, G and B of the measured value are logarithmized therein and are simultaneously supplied to the maximum selection stage 108 and the minimum selection stage 109, which carry out the determination of the maximum or minimum color signal of the measured value as required for color signals R , G and B of the measured value. In one of the 110 subtraction stages, which are connected to the 108 stage, you
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    the maximum burr and to the minimum selection stage 109, a color saturation signal S is generated as a difference signal from the set maximum and minimum color signals of the measured value, which approximately corresponds to the color saturation.
    FIG. 13 is a diagram of a limiting stage 41 or 42.
    The limiting cascade consists of three identically made integrating amplifiers 111, 112 and IZ. The outputs of the amplifiers are connected as required via diodes 114, 115 and 116 and through resistances 117, 118 and 119 to the inverting inputs of amplifiers 111, 112 and 113. Inverting inputs of amplifiers 111 , 112 and 113 are jointly loaded through summing resistors 120 and 121 by a color saturation signal S or an I / luminance signal. Inverting input of amplifier 111 is connected via summing resistance 122 with potentiometer 43 or 45, input of amplifier 112 is connected via following summing resistance 123 with potentiometer 44 or 46, Inverting input of amplifier 113 is connected via summing resistance 124 to output of amplifier 113 and through following summing resistance 125 to the positive pole of the power source 126. The outputs of amplifiers 112 and 113 are connected via summing resistances 127 and 128 to the inverting input of the amp-clamp-limiting 129, the output of which is connected through parallel-connected resistance 130 and the limiting diode 131 to the inverting input. At the output of the amplifier-limiter 129, a color saturation control signal P or a brightness control signal Lx with the passages shown in FIG. 6 occur, using potentiometers 43 or 45 and 44 or 46 to adjust the compensating voltages Ufcg and UK.JJ which define the operating points of the voltage limiting.
    Fig. 1 shows an example of using a scheme for recognizing the color tones of the colors of the colors during selective color separation in the color divider-color corrector, with which color separation images for multicolor mixed printing (offset) are made.
    A color original 2, from which color separators are to be made, is mounted on a rotating sweep drum 1 32 two-splitters-color corrector and undergoes point or line-by-line three-color readout using an optoelectronic reading unit 1, which moves along coaxial drum 132 coaxially his. The color signals R, G, and B of the measured value obtained upon reading the original are received via lines 133 and a logarithm stage 134 to the input of the first color separation correction circuit 35 for the purpose of color separation correction of the fundamental tone, in which the color signals R, G and B of the measured value are converted into subtractive color mixing into color-separated signals U, M, and C to record color-separation images yellow, magenta, and blue and, if necessary, additionally to color-separated signal K to record Black color separations
    The color signals R, G and B of the measured value are simultaneously supplied via lines 136 to the input of the recognition scheme constructed in accordance with Fig. 1, the outputs of which have a signal E (a color tone recognition signal E or a color recognition signal E) T1 signal is a color tone, a signal, 3 color saturation and a luminance signal. The output signals of the recognition circuit 4 are transmitted further to the second color separation correction circuit 137 for selective color separation correction.
    The second color separation correction circuit 137 comprises a mixing cascade 138, which is loaded via line E9 with signal E, as well as through line 140 and switch 141 with signal T of color tone, signal S of color saturation and signal L of luminance. In the mixing stage 138, which, for example, is designed as a multiplier, a positive signal + Um is formed from which in the inverter 142 a negative signal -Um is produced. Three potentiometers 143 are connected between the positive signal n-Um and the negative signal -Um, from which three selective signals of the color separation correction of any polarity + M.C.S.C.d. with color J5 Q 25 can be taken.
    30 35 to
    d5 CQ
    five
    Y, M, and C signals, and the position of the potentiometer determines both the correction intensity and the correction direction.
    Selective CC signals MkI C color separation correction is provided via lines 144 to the input of cascade 145 of overlapping along the path of the color separation signals Y, M and C, in which the selective signals Um Mk Cf are superimposed on the basis of the main correction that have passed the color separation signals to the M, M C. Corrected so-colored signals U1, M1 and C1 are output via amplifier 146 to recording elements 147 in the form of recording lamps. Recording media 149, such as films, are fastened on the rotating recording drum 148. Record elements 147, the brightness of which is modulated by the color-separated signals Y, M1 or C1 attached as required, move together and coaxially along the recording drum 148 and simultaneously perform point or line-by-line exposure of the films. Exposed and developed films are color separated images for multicolor mixed printing.
    In the recognition scheme 4, by limiting the corresponding recognition area, the color tone or the color of the color original to be subjected to additional selective color separation correction is registered,
    In the simplest case, the -HJm signal generated in the mixing stage 38 corresponds to the signal E. Preferably, the + Um signal is additionally generated from at least one of the signals produced in recognition circuit 4 or its components, which can be selected using switch 141. For example, formed by multiplying the recognition signal E with the color saturation signal S and is proportional to the color saturation.
    Selective signals Uk, Mk and Ck of color separation correction reach their maximum values if the color tone read on the color original 2 corresponds to the color tone T0 of the center of gravity chosen for the selective color separation correction, decreases with increasing distance of the read color tones from the color tone T0 tints and reach zero if the read color tones are located at the edges of the limited recognition area.
    In this way, variable selective color separation correction signals are obtained, which preferably match one or another color change.
    Fig. 15 shows an example of using a scheme for recognizing color tones or colors when using a color separator-color corrector for making color-separated images for one-color printing.
    When printing with individual inks, as opposed to multi-color mixed printing, each individual color to be printed is compiled before the printing process and various individual inks are applied to the print medium in separate steps. For this reason, when printing with individual inks, it is necessary to produce for each color tone to be extracted or for each individual color to be extracted the corresponding separations, and it is necessary that the color changes of the color original are as accurately as possible transferred to the color separation image.
    The color original 2, from which the corresponding color-separated images should be made for printing with individual inks, is placed on the rotating color reversing drum 132 of the color separator-color corrector and undergoes dot and line-by-line three-color reading using read elements 1. The color signals R, G, and B of the measured value obtained upon reading the original are received via lines 150 to the input of the corresponding recognition circuit 4. Pattern 4 recognition can. if necessary, be adjusted in advance for one or another color tone or one or another color of a color original 2, i.e. color separation tone or color separation color, from which color separation image should be recorded at the moment. In this case
    0
    50
    five
    Q $ 0
    In addition, the recognition circuit 4 outputs the corresponding signal E to the line 151,
    The readout color signals R, G and B produced in the optoelectronic element 1 are measured simultaneously via lines 150 to the input of a logarithm 152 in which they are logarithmized or partially logarithmized. A correction circuit 153 is connected to the output of the logarithm 52 of the cascade to implement color separation and / or tone correction. This correction circuit 153 may, for example, be a color processor for multicolor mixed printing. The correction circuit 153 generates color signals F ,,, FO, and F, which, depending on the adjustment of the adjustments of the correction circuit 153, can correspond to color separation signals Y, M and C, intermediate values, as well as the entered, uncorrelated color signals R, G and In the measured value. The color signals F, F / 2 and FJ are fed to a selection switch 154, with which the color signal F, which is most suitable for the corresponding color separation, which, for example, reproduces the most color-changing color selection, is most suitable for recording the color separation. tones or color separation 0
    A separate color-separated signal A arises due to the blending of the selected color signal F with the white color of the image (the lightest white color) in accordance with the normalized voltage value W in the displacement stage 155, and the mixing ratio is dependent on the recognition signal K:
    A F E + (W - E)
    The normalized voltage value W, the natrimer W 1, is the normalized white level to which all three color signals R, G, and B of the measured value are tuned when measuring the lightest, neutral areas of the image (white point, on color original 2 when calibrating white Level of color separator - color corrector).
    In accordance with the prediction of FIG. 4, the recognition signal E has a maximum value, for example, EGC 1, when reading the color-separated tone of the color original 2, and then decreases with increasing distance of the read color tone from the color-separated tone and is equal to zero E 0 when positioning color tones outside the limited range of color gam.
    Consequently, the color separation signal A of an individual color is, in accordance with equation (9), when reading a colorized tone equal to the selected color signal F with color tones lying within the limited recognition area — the total mixed signal from the selected color signal F and the normalized value W, and the coefficient mixing depends on the removal of the read color tone from the color separation tone, and when the color tones lying outside the recognition area of the color tone are equal to the normalized value of W on p voltage. To produce a color-separated signal A of a separate color, the selected color signal F is fed to the input of the modulator 156 of the mixing stage 155. The modulator 156, which is also loaded by the signal E on the line 151, is designed as a multiplier for the color signal F and the signal E. The product FE F1 is output to the summation stage 157 in which the signal E is added to the signal F1 In order to form the voltage value W (W - E), a potentiometer 158 is used to set the corresponding normalized voltage value W, which corresponds to the white level11. The normalized voltage value W and the signal E inverted in the inverter 159 are summed in the next summation stage 160 in order to obtain the voltage value W1. The color-separated signal A of a separate color is output from the mix stage 147 through the final amplifier 161 to the recording lamp, which is used as the recording element 162. A recording lamp, the brightness of which is modeled by a color-separated signal A of a separate color, provides point and line-by-line exposure of the recording medium 163 (film), which is also placed on the rotating recording drum 164. The exposed and developed film is the desired color separation image .
    Due to the described principle of forming a color-separated signal of an individual color, the saturation of colors or color tones that lie outside the established recognition area is eliminated. At the same time, a change in colors or color transitions on the borders of the color regions of the color-separated image is improved so that the borders of the regions are no longer displayed sharply, but with overlap. Due to overlapping, a mixed printing zone appears in which, when printed with individual inks, the composed colors are no longer sealed next to each other, but overlaid with each other, as a result of which interfering color contours are prevented.
    5 Due to individual adjustment of the recognition signal E depending on saturation and luminance, on the one hand, and due to a controlled decrease in saturation, with
    0 On the other hand, color separations are significantly improved for printing with individual inks. For example, color separations for dark or light colors can be produced, and light or dark colors undergo a decrease in saturation to white or corrected. On the other hand, color separated images low or high saturation, with highly saturated or unsaturated colors adjusting to white.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    5 claims
    1 "A method for recognizing color tones, in which, by means of point and line-by-line reading, the Q intensities of the light reflected from the color surface or transmitted through it are measured in three primary colors, which are the color coordinates of the ROB color space, are determined by the color coordinates Re, C; ,, and B "of a predetermined color tone T0 to be recognized, in the color space limit the recognition area around a predetermined color
    five
    0
    Iq 0
    tones and form a color tone recognition signal, characterized in that, in order to improve the recognition accuracy, before reading the color surface, the color coordinates R and T are converted into a given tone Tv into the chrominance values Xg, Y of the color tone TJ. the color axis – brightness range of the axis of the color coordinate system X, Y / in the color space plane and determine the conversion effects, by which the color coordinates R, G, and B read in the process of reading color are also converted In terms of color X1, Y1, the conversion angle DЈ o / o, at which the transformed specified color tone TQ is on one of the sections of the axis of the color coordinate system x, Y1, is the conversion factor, and to obtain the values X1, Y chromaticity of the converted read color tones in the system of color coordinates X, Y transform
    Baths of read color tones in a set of color coordinates X1, -, from-20. Color coordinates RGB of read color values X1, V which are in the same 25 half of the X, Y color coordinate system as the transformed predetermined color tone. To form a signal, T1 color tone by forming a partial sum of the selected color values - 30 and the auxiliary control yu
    Vani in the value of chromaticity X, Y c. The x, y color coordinate system, and the corresponding chromaticity values x, Y1 in the x color coordinate system are determined from the ratios
    X1 X cos 0/0 + Y sin-Luc, Y-X sino / o + Y cos "o
     3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, that in order to further control the signal E to recognize the color tone depending on the luminance values and / or on the color saturation values in the read colors of the color surface, the saturation signal R1 the colors from the R, 0, B color signals and the luminance signal L1 from at least one of the 4 H, Gg, B color signals form a control signal P saturated signal H, and the recognition area is limited by changing the signal gain when converting the read color tones in s chrominance Y or t tone color signal or by changing the amplitude auxiliary. control signal H, and the color tone recognition signal E1, which is a measure of the deviation of the read
     3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, that in order to further control the signal E to recognize the color tone depending on the luminance values and / or on the color saturation values in the read colors of the color surface, form the color saturation signal R1 from the color signals R, 0, B and the luminance signal L1 from at least one of 4 H, Gg, B color signals form a control signal P color saturation and a control signal L luminance by limiting the color saturation signal S in amplitude T from a given color That and second tone having a zero value for the read color tones is limited region discrimination is formed as the difference that the auxiliary 45 and the luminance signal L1 as a function of the control signal H and the signal T from ti setpoints tona.tsveta color saturation and brightness.
    2. The method according to claim 1, which differs from 4. The method according to paragraph 3 of clause 3, m and n, and with the TPM, which is also obtained by summarizing the signal
    [2]
    The color tone 50 T1, the color saturation control signal R and the luminance control signal L subtract from the sum signal the auxiliary control signal H and receive the signal by maturing the color E1 of the recognition color X 0, YQ in the color coordinate system X, Y in the plane of chromaticity of the color space chromaticity - brightness, then by turning the system
    X0, Yq color conversions of the converted preset color tone T0 in the color coordinate system X1, U1 transform the color coordinates R0, GO of the preset color tone T0
    50 The method according to p3, that is, and that with the fact that in order to obtain the signal S, the color saturation is set to the maximum and minimum.
    XY color coordinates at an angle ot go to the color coordinate system X Y and the chromaticity values X0, V0 and the X X1 color coordinate system are also determined by the relations
    Ho X0 cos + YQ sine /; YO -X 0 sintf + Y0 cost /,
    moreover, the angle DЈ o / o, at which the transformed specified color tone TQ is on one of the sections of the axis of the color coordinate system x, Y1, is the conversion factor, and to obtain the chromaticity values X1, Y of the converted read color tones in the color system coordinates x, y transform
    yt The color coordinates of R.G.B are read- ONE of the T Color Tones by means of
    yt The color coordinates of R.G.B are read- ONE of the T Color Tones by means of
    Vani in the value of chromaticity X, Y c. The x, y color coordinate system, and the corresponding chromaticity values x, Y1 in the x color coordinate system are determined from the ratios
    X1 X cos 0/0 + Y sin-Luc, Y-X sino / o + Y cos "o
    yt The color coordinates of R.G.B are read- ONE of the T Color Tones by means of

    [3]
    3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, that in order to further control the signal E to recognize the color tone depending on the luminance values and / or on the color saturation values in the read colors of the color surface, form the color saturation signal R1 from the color signals R, 0, B and the signal L1 of luminance from at least one of the color signals H, Gg, B form the control signal P sat
    m and luminance signal L1 depending on the given values of color saturation and luminance.
    Color saturation and a luminance control signal L by limiting the color saturation signal S and the luminance signal L1 depending on the amplitude of the color saturation and luminance.
    The color tone T1, the color saturation control signal R and the luminance control signal L are subtracted from the sum signal of the auxiliary control signal H and a recognition signal E1 is obtained,
    50 The method according to p3, that is, and that with the fact that in order to obtain the signal S, the color saturation is set to the maximum and minimum.
     27
    the color values of the color signals R, G, B obtained by reading the color surfaces and subtracting the minimum values from the maximum values, the difference values being the B color saturation signal,
    6o The method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the auxiliary control signal H is formed depending on the color saturation values of the read color tones,
    7o The method according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary control signal H has a value of zero from a zero color saturation value to a limit of color saturation Xa, which determines the length of the gray area around the z axis of the chroma / brightness color space and has a constant value of H c from the limit value to the maximum color saturation,
    8. A device for recognizing color tones, containing an optoelectronic reading unit for determining the intensity of light in three primary colors and a recognition circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the optoelectronic unit, characterized in that, in order to improve the recognition accuracy, the recognition circuit contains two coordinate transformation schemes, a sample stage, an absolute value stage, a control device, a division stage, a signal generator, and a stage of match 1
    Nor, with the first scheme of transforming. 7
    ,
    ten
    15
    20
    540664 28
    coordinates by its input is connected to the input of the recognition circuit, and the output is connected to the input of the second coordinate conversion circuit. the first input of the division cascade, the second input of which is connected to the sampling cascade, the signal generator is connected to the output of the sampling cascade and to the first input of the interface cascade, the second input of which is dklyuchen dividing cascade to the output, and the output interface forms the output stage discrimination circuit.
    9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the interface cascade is made in the form of a subtraction unit,
    100 The device according to claim 8 or 9, which is such that between the division cascade and the interface cascade there is a cascade of signal formation.
    11. A device in accordance with one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the recognition circuit further comprises a color saturation signal generator, a luminance signal generator, two adjustable limiting stages, and also two switches, and the color saturation and luminance signal generators optoelectronic unit and through the limiting cascades and switches are connected to the mating cascade.
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    Order 234 Circulation 418 Subscription
    VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5
    Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Gagarin, 101
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP83112577A|EP0144461B1|1983-12-14|1983-12-14|Method of and circuit arrangement for the recognition of chrominances and colours|
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